<?php

/**
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * GLPI - Gestionnaire Libre de Parc Informatique
 *
 * http://glpi-project.org
 *
 * @copyright 2015-2026 Teclib' and contributors.
 * @copyright 2003-2014 by the INDEPNET Development Team.
 * @licence   https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * LICENSE
 *
 * This file is part of GLPI.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

namespace Glpi\Application;

use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use Psr\Log\LogLevel;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
use Twig\Error\Error;

/**
 * @since 9.5.0
 */
class ErrorHandler
{
    /**
     * Map between error codes and log levels.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    public const ERROR_LEVEL_MAP = [
        E_ERROR             => LogLevel::CRITICAL,
        E_WARNING           => LogLevel::WARNING,
        E_PARSE             => LogLevel::ALERT,
        E_NOTICE            => LogLevel::NOTICE,
        E_CORE_ERROR        => LogLevel::CRITICAL,
        E_CORE_WARNING      => LogLevel::WARNING,
        E_COMPILE_ERROR     => LogLevel::ALERT,
        E_COMPILE_WARNING   => LogLevel::WARNING,
        E_USER_ERROR        => LogLevel::ERROR,
        E_USER_WARNING      => LogLevel::WARNING,
        E_USER_NOTICE       => LogLevel::NOTICE,
        2048                => LogLevel::NOTICE, // E_STRICT, deprecated in PHP 8.4
        E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => LogLevel::ERROR,
        E_DEPRECATED        => LogLevel::NOTICE,
        E_USER_DEPRECATED   => LogLevel::NOTICE,
    ];

    /**
     * Fatal errors list.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    public const FATAL_ERRORS = [
        E_ERROR,
        E_PARSE,
        E_CORE_ERROR,
        E_COMPILE_ERROR,
        E_USER_ERROR,
        E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR,
    ];

    /**
     * Exit code to use on shutdown.
     *
     * @var int|null
     */
    private $exit_code = null;

    /**
     * Flag to indicate if error should be forwarded to PHP internal error handler.
     *
     * @var boolean
     */
    private $forward_to_internal_handler = true;

    /**
     * Logger instance.
     *
     * @var LoggerInterface
     */
    private $logger;

    /**
     * Last fatal error trace.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $last_fatal_trace;

    /**
     * Indicates wether output is disabled.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    private $output_disabled = false;

    /**
     * Indicates wether output is suspended (temporarly disabled).
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    private $output_suspended = false;

    /**
     * Output handler to use. If not set, output will be directly echoed on a format depending on
     * execution context (Web VS CLI).
     *
     * @var OutputInterface|null
     */
    private $output_handler;

    /**
     * Reserved memory that will be used in case of an "out of memory" error.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $reserved_memory;

    /**
     * @param LoggerInterface|null $logger
     */
    public function __construct(?LoggerInterface $logger = null)
    {
        $this->logger = $logger;
    }

    /**
     * Return singleton instance of self.
     *
     * @return ErrorHandler
     */
    public static function getInstance(): ErrorHandler
    {
        static $instance = null;

        if ($instance === null) {
            /** @var \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface $PHPLOGGER */
            global $PHPLOGGER;
            $instance = new self($PHPLOGGER);
        }

        return $instance;
    }

    /**
     * Enable output.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function enableOutput(): void
    {
        $this->output_disabled = false;
    }

    /**
     * Disable output.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function disableOutput(): void
    {
        $this->output_disabled = true;
    }

    /**
     * Suspend output.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function suspendOutput(): void
    {
        $this->output_suspended = true;
    }

    /**
     * Take away output suspension.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function unsuspendOutput(): void
    {
        $this->output_suspended = false;
    }

    /**
     * Defines output handler.
     *
     * @param OutputInterface $output_handler
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function setOutputHandler(OutputInterface $output_handler): void
    {
        $this->output_handler = $output_handler;
    }

    /**
     * Register error handler callbacks.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function register(): void
    {
        set_error_handler([$this, 'handleError']);
        if (!defined('TU_USER')) {
            set_exception_handler([$this, 'handleException']);
            register_shutdown_function([$this, 'handleFatalError']);
        }
        $this->reserved_memory = str_repeat('x', 50 * 1024); // reserve 50 kB of memory space
    }

    /**
     * Error handler.
     *
     * @param integer $error_code
     * @param string  $error_message
     * @param string  $filename
     * @param integer $line_number
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function handleError(int $error_code, string $error_message, string $filename, int $line_number)
    {

        // Have to false to forward to PHP internal error handler.
        $return = !$this->forward_to_internal_handler;

        $trace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
        array_shift($trace);  // Remove current method from trace
        $error_trace = $this->getTraceAsString($trace);

        if (in_array($error_code, self::FATAL_ERRORS)) {
            // Fatal errors are handled by shutdown function
            // (as some are not recoverable and cannot be handled here).
            // Store backtrace to be able to use it there.
            $this->last_fatal_trace = $error_trace;
            return $return;
        }

        if (!(error_reporting() & $error_code)) {
            // Do not handle error if '@' operator is used on errored expression
            // see https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.errorcontrol.php
            return $return;
        }

        $error_type = sprintf(
            'PHP %s (%s)',
            $this->codeToString($error_code),
            $error_code
        );
        $error_description = sprintf(
            '%s in %s at line %s',
            $error_message,
            $filename,
            $line_number
        );

        $log_level = self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[$error_code];

        $this->logErrorMessage($error_type, $error_description, $error_trace, $log_level);
        $this->outputDebugMessage($error_type, $error_description, $log_level);

        return $return;
    }

    /**
     * Twig error handler.
     *
     * This handler is manually called by application when an error occurred during Twig template rendering.
     *
     * @param \Twig\Error\Error $error
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleTwigError(Error $error): void
    {
        $context = $error->getSourceContext();

        $error_type = sprintf(
            'Twig Error (%s)',
            get_class($error)
        );
        $error_description = sprintf(
            '"%s" in %s at line %s',
            $error->getRawMessage(),
            $context !== null ? sprintf('template "%s"', $context->getPath()) : 'unknown template',
            $error->getTemplateLine()
        );
        $error_trace = $this->getTraceAsString($error->getTrace());
        $log_level = self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[E_ERROR];

        $this->logErrorMessage($error_type, $error_description, $error_trace, $log_level);
        $this->outputDebugMessage($error_type, $error_description, $log_level, isCommandLine());
    }

    /**
     * SQL error handler.
     *
     * This handler is manually called by application when a SQL error occurred.
     *
     * @param integer $error_code
     * @param string  $error_message
     * @param string  $query
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleSqlError(int $error_code, string $error_message, string $query)
    {
        $this->outputDebugMessage(
            sprintf('SQL Error "%s"', $error_code),
            sprintf('%s in query "%s"', $error_message, preg_replace('/\\n/', ' ', $query)),
            self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[E_USER_ERROR],
            isCommandLine()
        );
    }

    /**
     * SQL warnings handler.
     *
     * This handler is manually called by application when warnings are triggered by a SQL query.
     *
     * @param string[] $warnings
     * @param string   $query
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleSqlWarnings(array $warnings, string $query)
    {
        $message = "\n"
            . implode(
                "\n",
                array_map(
                    function ($warning) {
                        return sprintf('%s: %s', $warning['Code'], $warning['Message']);
                    },
                    $warnings
                )
            )
            . "\n"
            . sprintf('in query "%s"', $query);
        $this->outputDebugMessage('SQL Warnings', $message, self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[E_USER_WARNING]);
    }

    /**
     * Exception handler.
     *
     * This handler is called by PHP prior to exiting, when an Exception is not catched,
     * or manually called by the application to log exception details.
     *
     * @param \Throwable $exception
     * @param bool $quiet
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleException(\Throwable $exception, bool $quiet = false): void
    {
        $this->exit_code = 255;

        $error_type = sprintf(
            'Uncaught Exception %s',
            get_class($exception)
        );
        $error_description = sprintf(
            '%s in %s at line %s',
            $exception->getMessage(),
            $exception->getFile(),
            $exception->getLine()
        );
        $error_trace = $this->getTraceAsString($exception->getTrace());

        $log_level = self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[E_ERROR];

        $this->logErrorMessage($error_type, $error_description, $error_trace, $log_level);
        if (!$quiet) {
            $this->outputDebugMessage($error_type, $error_description, $log_level, isCommandLine());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handle fatal errors.
     *
     * @retun void
     */
    public function handleFatalError(): void
    {
        // Free reserved memory to be able to handle "out of memory" errors
        $this->reserved_memory = null;

        $error = error_get_last();
        if ($error && in_array($error['type'], self::FATAL_ERRORS)) {
            $this->exit_code = 255;

            $error_type = sprintf(
                'PHP %s (%s)',
                $this->codeToString($error['type']),
                $error['type']
            );
            $error_description = sprintf(
                '%s in %s at line %s',
                $error['message'],
                $error['file'],
                $error['line']
            );

            // debug_backtrace is not available in shutdown function
            // so get stored trace if any exists
            $error_trace = $this->last_fatal_trace ?? '';

            $log_level = self::ERROR_LEVEL_MAP[$error['type']];

            $this->logErrorMessage($error_type, $error_description, $error_trace, $log_level);
            $this->outputDebugMessage($error_type, $error_description, $log_level);
        }

        if ($this->exit_code !== null) {
            // If an exit code is defined, register a shutdown function that will be called after
            // thoose that are already defined, in order to exit the script with the correct code.
            $exit_code = $this->exit_code;
            register_shutdown_function(
                'register_shutdown_function',
                static function () use ($exit_code) {
                    exit($exit_code);
                }
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * Defines if errors should be forward to PHP internal error handler.
     *
     * @param bool $forward_to_internal_handler
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function setForwardToInternalHandler(bool $forward_to_internal_handler): void
    {
        $this->forward_to_internal_handler = $forward_to_internal_handler;
    }

    /**
     * Log message related to error.
     *
     * @param string $type
     * @param string $description
     * @param string $trace
     * @param string $log_level
     *
     * @return void
     */
    private function logErrorMessage(string $type, string $description, string $trace, string $log_level): void
    {
        if (!($this->logger instanceof LoggerInterface)) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            $this->logger->log(
                $log_level,
                '  *** ' . $type . ': ' . $description . (!empty($trace) ? "\n" . $trace : '')
            );
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            $this->outputDebugMessage(
                'Error',
                'An error has occurred, but the trace of this error could not recorded because of a problem accessing the log file.',
                LogLevel::CRITICAL,
                true
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * Output debug message related to error.
     *
     * @param string  $error_type
     * @param string  $message
     * @param string  $log_level
     * @param boolean $force
     *
     * @return void
     */
    private function outputDebugMessage(string $error_type, string $message, string $log_level, bool $force = false): void
    {

        if ($this->output_disabled || $this->output_suspended) {
            return;
        }

        $is_debug_mode = isset($_SESSION['glpi_use_mode']) && $_SESSION['glpi_use_mode'] == \Session::DEBUG_MODE;
        $is_console_context = $this->output_handler instanceof OutputInterface;

        if ((!$force && !$is_debug_mode && !$is_console_context) || isAPI()) {
            return;
        }

        if ($this->output_handler instanceof OutputInterface) {
            $format = 'comment';
            switch ($log_level) {
                case LogLevel::EMERGENCY:
                case LogLevel::ALERT:
                case LogLevel::CRITICAL:
                case LogLevel::ERROR:
                    $format    = 'error';
                    $verbosity = OutputInterface::VERBOSITY_QUIET;
                    break;
                case LogLevel::WARNING:
                    $verbosity = OutputInterface::VERBOSITY_NORMAL;
                    break;
                case LogLevel::NOTICE:
                case LogLevel::INFO:
                default:
                    $verbosity = OutputInterface::VERBOSITY_VERBOSE;
                    break;
                case LogLevel::DEBUG:
                    $verbosity = OutputInterface::VERBOSITY_VERY_VERBOSE;
                    break;
            }
            $message = $error_type . ': ' . $message;
            if (null !== $format) {
                $message = sprintf('<%1$s>%2$s</%1$s>', $format, $message);
            }
            $this->output_handler->writeln($message, $verbosity);
        } elseif (!isCommandLine()) {
            echo '<div class="alert alert-important alert-danger glpi-debug-alert" style="z-index:10000">'
            . '<span class="b">' . $error_type . ': </span>' . $message . '</div>';
        } else {
            echo $error_type . ': ' . $message . "\n";
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get error type as string from error code.
     *
     * @param int $error_code
     *
     * @return string
     */
    private function codeToString(int $error_code): string
    {
        $map = [
            E_ERROR             => 'Error',
            E_WARNING           => 'Warning',
            E_PARSE             => 'Parsing Error',
            E_NOTICE            => 'Notice',
            E_CORE_ERROR        => 'Core Error',
            E_CORE_WARNING      => 'Core Warning',
            E_COMPILE_ERROR     => 'Compile Error',
            E_COMPILE_WARNING   => 'Compile Warning',
            E_USER_ERROR        => 'User Error',
            E_USER_WARNING      => 'User Warning',
            E_USER_NOTICE       => 'User Notice',
            2048                => 'Runtime Notice', // E_STRICT, deprecated in PHP 8.4
            E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => 'Catchable Fatal Error',
            E_DEPRECATED        => 'Deprecated function',
            E_USER_DEPRECATED   => 'User deprecated function',
        ];

        return $map[$error_code] ?? 'Unknown error';
    }

    /**
     * Get trace as string.
     *
     * @param array $trace
     *
     * @return string
     */
    private function getTraceAsString(array $trace): string
    {
        if (empty($trace)) {
            return '';
        }

        $message = "  Backtrace :\n";

        foreach ($trace as $item) {
            $script = ($item['file'] ?? '') . ':' . ($item['line'] ?? '');
            if (strpos($script, GLPI_ROOT) === 0) {
                $script = substr($script, strlen(GLPI_ROOT) + 1);
            }
            if (strlen($script) > 50) {
                $script = '...' . substr($script, -47);
            } else {
                $script = str_pad($script, 50);
            }

            $call = ($item['class'] ?? '') . ($item['type'] ?? '') . ($item['function'] ?? '');
            if (!empty($call)) {
                $call .= '()';
            }
            $message .= "  $script $call\n";
        }

        return $message;
    }
}
